An Eclectic physician Dr Beach reported the numerous uses by Native Americans and declared that "in point of utility, it is of far more value than its weight in gold". Its name refers to the slippery consistency the inner bark assumes when it is chewed or mixed with water. This property is responsible for the name used by the Iroquois Indians, do-hoosh-ah, which literally means "it slips." They used it as an eyewash for sore eyes. The Menomini Indians used the inner bark in a tea and it was taken as a purgative. It was used by the Menomini and the Meskwaki in a poultice to heal sores on the body. The fresh inner bark was boiled and the Dakota, Omaha-Ponca and other tribes drank the resulting decoction as a laxative. The indigenous people taught some of these uses to early non-Indian settlers and it gained a reputation as an effective wound healer among soldiers during the American Civil War. Slippery elm was also used during convalescence, such as cachexia (wasting syndrome) and other wasting diseases such as cancer, to increase body weight. The herb is an ingredient of Essiac, a herbal formula popularised by a Canadian nurse, Rene Caisse, in the early 1920s and used ever since to assist cancer patients. While anecdotal reports suggest that this combination formulation has anticancer activity, reliable clinical trials are lacking that prove or disprove this use.
Constituents: Slippery elm is best known for its abundant mucilage consisting of hexoses, pentoses, methylpentoses, at least two polyuronides, and yielding on hydrolysis galactose, glucose and fructose (trace), L-rhamnose, galacturonic acid and D-galactose. The inner bark also contains calcium oxalate, phytosterols (beta-sitosterol, citrostadienol, dolichol), sesquiterpenes, cholesterol and small amounts of tannin (3.0-6.5% type unspecified). It also contains a variety of nutritional factors such as iron, vitamin C, thiamine, zinc, magnesium and potassium, providing support for its traditional use as a nutritious gruel.
Slippery elm liquid extract 1:1 in 60% alcohol
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